Know more about Oncology

Oncology is the study of medicine that involves diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cancer. The specialist who practices oncology is called an “Oncologist”.
The human body is composed of trillions of cells that regulate production of energy from absorption of nutrients and carry out essential functions for the reproduction, maturity and growth of the body and brain. Cancer starts when cells in the body start to function abnormally. There are various categories of cancer that begin when cells grow out of control.

The best oncologist in Kolkata determines the symptoms of cancer by the type and site of the disease. There are several types of cancer, namely breast cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, endometrial cancer, stomach cancer, ovary cancer, head and neck cancer, colon and rectum cancer, cervix cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, blood cancer, brain cancer, etc.

The treatment of cancer is determined by the stage of the disease. Based upon the grade or stage of cancer, oncologists plan the type of cancer treatment that generally involves radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery and other modalities. Apart from an oncologist, there are other specialists involved for the treatment of cancer that include organ specific oncologists like radiation oncologist, radiotherapist, pathologist and uro oncologist in Kolkata.

Some cancer patients require only one treatment, depending upon the stage of the disease, while many people have to undergo through a combination of treatments like radiation, chemotherapy, surgery, among others.

Chemotherapy treatment of cancer involves the use of chemical substances and drugs. Radiation therapy, on the other hand, uses high-energy waves like electron beams, X-rays, photons and gamma rays to damage or destroy the abnormal cells. In some cases, surgery has to be performed by the top oncologist in Kolkata to help remove the malignant tumours and the surrounding tissues.

A team of specialists is involved for treatment of cancer patients. Extensive researches, trials, screenings, tests are required to understand the type, stage and extensiveness of the disease to ensure proper treatment.